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Druggio

Non-small cell lung cancer

Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer death among men and women in industrialized countries. Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for approximately 85% of lung cancer and represents a heterogeneous group of cancers, consisting mainly of squamous cell (SCC), adeno (AC) and large-cell carcinoma. Molecular mechanisms altered in NSCLC include activation of oncogenes, such as K-RAS, EGFR and EML4-ALK, and inactivation of tumorsuppressor genes, such as p53, p16INK4a, RAR-beta, and RASSF1. Point mutations within the K-RAS gene inactivate GTPase activity and the p21-RAS protein continuously transmits growth signals to the nucleus. Mutations or overexpression of EGFR leads to a proliferative advantage. EML4-ALK fusion leads to constitutive ALK activation, which causes cell proliferation, invasion, and inhibition of apoptosis. Inactivating mutation of p53 can lead to more rapid proliferation and reduced apoptosis. The protein encoded by the p16INK4a inhibits formation of CDK-cyclin-D complexes by competitive binding of CDK4 and CDK6. Loss of p16INK4a expression is a common feature of NSCLC. RAR-beta is a nuclear receptor that bears vitamin-A-dependent transcriptional activity. RASSF1A is able to form heterodimers with Nore-1, an RAS effector. Therefore loss of RASSF1A might shift the balance of RAS activity towards a growth-promoting effect.

Drugs that treat Non-small cell lung cancer

Retevmo

Made by

Eli Lilly

Approval date

2021/9/27

Alunbrig

Made by

Takeda

Approval date

2021/1/22

Tabrecta

Made by

Novartis

Approval date

2020/6/29

Tepmetko

Approval date

2020/3/25

Portrazza

Made by

Eli Lilly

Approval date

2019/6/18

Rozlytrek

Approval date

2019/6/18

Vizimpro

Made by

Pfizer

Approval date

2019/1/8

Lorbrena

Made by

Pfizer

Approval date

2018/9/21

Tafinlar

Made by

Novartis

Approval date

2016/3/28

Zykadia

Made by

Novartis

Approval date

2016/3/28

Mekinist

Made by

Novartis

Approval date

2016/3/28

Tagrisso

Made by

AstraZeneca

Approval date

2016/3/28

Giotrif

Approval date

2014/1/17

Xalkori

Made by

Pfizer

Approval date

2012/3/30

Tarceva

Approval date

2007/10/19

Iressa

Made by

AstraZeneca

Approval date

2002/7/5